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800-NEVADA-8    #   Entered Union      Year Settled 36th          Oct. 31, 1864      1849  Nickname Silver State  Rank  Population 35th    2,600,167  Rank  Square Miles 7th 110,561  State Bird  State Flower  State Tree  State Motto All for our country  Nevada's name comes from the Spanish word meaning "snow clad"--a reference to the snow-covered peaks of the Sierra Nevada. The discovery of the Comstock Lode, a massive deposit of silver, in 1859 brought many fortune seekers. Statehood followed shortly afterwards in 1864, when Nevada was admitted as the 36th state.  Nevada is in a mountain region that includes semiarid grasslands and sandy deserts, and is the most arid (dry) state in the nation. Like oases in the desert, Nevada's two main cities--Las Vegas and Reno--attract fortune seekers from around the world hoping to strike it rich in the many casinos located there. The capital is Carson City.  If you think of Nevada only as the state where the city of Las Vegas is located, you'd be ignoring its long and interesting history. Originally, many Native American tribes occupied the area that is now Nevada. Ancient Native American culture goes back at least 10,000 years, and still today, the state is home to more than a dozen tribes.  In 1855, a group of Mormon missionaries were the first non-natives to settle in the Las Vegas Valley. They built an adobe fort, which is now a museum. The area appealed to them because of the valley located along the Old Spanish Trail. In fact, Las Vegas means "the meadows" in Spanish.  In addition to the Mormons, pioneers moving westward sometimes settled in the area, and the Pony Express riders cut through hundreds of miles of what is now Nevada to deliver mail. After the discovery of large gold and silver deposits in 1859, more people arrived in the hopes of striking it rich. In the early 1900s, Las Vegas became a railroad town and then in the 1930s the town grew further when gambling was legalized.  Nevada is an attractive place to live for a lot of people. It grew by a whopping 66 percent from 1990 to 2000 -- the fastest of any state.  What's a buckaroo?  The Great Basin, which includes the region of northern Nevada, is wide-open territory primarily known as cattle country. Amid the desert and mountains is the Humboldt River, which begins in the mountain ranges and ends in the desert. This is the home of the buckaroos, cowboys who work on cattle ranches in Nevada. They get their name from vaquero, (pronounced bah-care-oh) the Spanish word for "cowboy," because the first buckaroos in the area were Spanish-speaking horsemen.  Buckaroos have developed many different special skills to work with the land and cattle. They run cattle drives, rope and brand cows, and shoe horses. They are most famous for breaking (making suitable for riding) horses, also known as "starting colts." But buckaroos also bail hay, mend fences, and haul trucks out of desert mud holes. They work long hours for low wages, but buckaroos are rugged independent people who choose to work close to nature.  |













